인도-러시아, 5세대 전투기 및 다목적 수송기 공동 개발...

 

인도의 경제 전문 Business Standard 紙 9월 11일字 기사로 소개된, 인도-러시아의 5세대 전투기 (FGFA) 와 중형 다목적 수송기

(MTA) 개발관련 기사를 소개합니다.

 

지난 1월 29일 러시아 Sukhoi 社가 개발중인 5세대 스텔스 전투기 PAK-FA (T-50) 의 공식 초도비행 이후, 러시아와 인도 양국은

PAK-FA 를 기반으로 하는 FGFA (Future Generation Fighter Aircraft) 를 공동개발 하기로 합의했다는 발표를 한 바 있습니다.

 

총 개발비만 약 120억불로 예상되는 FGFA 개발 사업에는 인도-러시아 양국이 50:50 동일 지분으로 참여할 것으로 알려져 있으며,

현재까지 양국 발표를 제외하고는 공식적으로 문건에 합의한 바는 없었습니다. 이러한 가운데 올 12월 러시아 Medvedev 대통령

의 인도 방문 기간에, FGFA 공동개발과 관련된 PDC (Preliminary Design Contract) 협정을 체결할 것이라는 Business Standard

紙의 기사 내용입니다.

 

또한 PDC 협정이 체결되면, 약 18개월이면 최종 설계가 완성될 것으로 예상되며, 개발에서 실전배까지는 최대 10년이 소요될 것

으로 전망하고 있습니다.

 

한편 인도 HAL 社와 러시아 UAC 社가 중형 다목적수송기 (MTA, Mutirole Transport Aircraft) 를 공동개발 하기로 합의하였다는

발표문을 함께 소개합니다. 올해 초 인도에서 개최된 방위산업박람회 [DEFEXPO 2010] 에서 인도 HAL 社는 독자적인 다목적

수송기 MRTA (Multi-Role Transport Aircraft) 모형을 공개한 바 있습니다. MRTA 는 러시아의 IL-76 수송기와 동일한 동체규격

을 가지면서 길이는 50% 정도 짧은 것으로 알려지고 있습니다. 러시아 UAC 社의 제식名은 IL-214 입니다.

 

아래 소개하는 참고 사진들은 2008년 8월 Red Flag 훈련에 참가한 인도 공군 소속 Sukhoi Su-30MKI 전투기가 美國 Neveda 州 

Nellis 공군에 착륙하는 모습 입니다.

 

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India, Russia to ink Gen-5 fighter pact

By Ajai Shukla

Business Standard, 11th Sept 10

 

Late on Thursday evening, in a triumph for the Russia-India defence relationship, the two countries signed off on a joint venture to co-develop a 15-20 tonne payload, 2500-kilometre range Multi-role Transport Aircraft (MTA), which will replace the Indian Air Force’s venerable AN-32 at the end of the next decade. But this path breaking US $600 million co-development of the MTA is likely to be dwarfed soon, when India and Russia each pledge US $6 billion to co-develop the world’s premier fighter, a step ahead of the US Air Force’s F-22 Raptor, which currently rules the skies.

 

Senior MoD sources have confirmed to Business Standard that years of tortuous negotiations have been successfully concluded in time for Russian President Dimitry Medvedev’s visit to India this December. Russian and Indian negotiators have finalised the Preliminary Design Contract (PDC), a key document that will allow designers from both sides to actually begin work on the FGFA.

 

“The negotiators have done their job, and the Cabinet Committee for Security (CCS) will consider the PDC, probably this month”, says the MoD official. “If the CCS gives the green signal, as is likely, the contract will be signed during Medvedev’s visit.”

 

HAL Chairman, Ashok Nayak, had indicated to Business Standard, on a recent visit to HAL, Bangalore, that the deal was done. “It is in the system for approval”, said Nayak. “The respective work shares have been agreed to by both sides and once we sign the Preliminary Design Contract, we will finish the design in about 18 months. Developing and building the FGFA could take 8-10 years and each side will pay US $6 billion as its share.”

 

The Russian and Indian Air Forces each plan to build about 250 FGFAs, at an estimated cost of US $100 million per fighter. That adds up to US $25 billion for 250 fighters, over and above the development cost.

 

These astronomical figures have led Russia into co-development with India. The inescapability of cost sharing was reinforced last year, when the Pentagon was forced to shut down its F-22 Raptor programme. Since the technologies in the F-22 were deemed crucial to America’s technology lead, the fighter was developed and built entirely within the US. As a result, its prohibitive cost --- US $340 million per fighter --- forced the Pentagon to cap the programme at 187 fighters, just half of what it planned to buy in 2006.

 

“If the United States could not afford to go it alone on a fifth generation fighter, Russia clearly cannot”, points out a senior Indian Air Force (IAF) officer. “There was no choice but to co-opt India as a partner.”

 

Russia initially offered India partnership in the FGFA programme about 7-8 years ago but there was little clarity then on crucial issues like work share, i.e. what systems and components each side would develop. From 2005-07, India’s growing closeness with the US slowed down the FGFA project. Progress received a boost from the Russia-India Inter-Government Agreement (IGA) in November 07. But HAL sources recount that, even after the IGA, Russian negotiators’ concern about sharing top-secret technologies meant that a green signal from Moscow was needed for every step of the negotiation.

 

“This is the first time that Russia is co-developing a cutting-edge military platform with another country. Therefore, they were unclear about how to share work in a top-secret project like this”, says a senior HAL official. “Before each step, the Russian officials wanted clearances from the highest level in Moscow. Those Presidential Decrees, as they call them, took their own time.”

 

Consequently, says the HAL Chairman, it has taken almost three years from the IGA to negotiate a General Contract and a Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA). In March 2010, a “Tactical Technical Assignment” was signed, in which the work shares were agreed.

 

Meanwhile, Russia’s Sukhoi Design Bureau has built a basic fifth generation fighter, which Russia terms the PAK-FA, the acronym for Perspektivnyi Aviatsionnyi Kompleks Frontovoi Aviatsy (literally Prospective Aircraft Complex of Frontline Aviation). A prototype, tailored to Russian Air Force requirements, made its first flight in January 2010.

 

India’s work share, according to HAL officials, will amount to about 30% of the overall design effort. This will centre on composite components and high-end electronics like the mission computer, the avionics, cockpit displays and the electronic warfare systems for the FGFA. Additionally, India will have to redesign the single-seat PAK-FA into the two-seater fighter that the IAF prefers. Like in the Sukhoi-30MKI, the IAF prefers one pilot flying and the other handling the sensors, networks and weaponry.

 

 

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AGREEMENT FOR SETTING UP OF JVC FOR DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIROLE TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT SIGNED

 

The effort to design and develop a Multirole Transport Aircraft (MTA) by India and Russia received a significant boost with the signing of shareholders agreement for setting up of a joint venture company, here last night.

 

A Joint Venture will now be formed between Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and the Russian Partners namely United Aircraft Corporation & Rosoboronexport to Co-develop and Co-produce Multirole Transport Aircraft (MTA).

 

MTA is a 15-20 tonne payload capacity Aircraft which would meet the requirement of the Indian Air Force and the Russian Air Force. The project has been approved by both the Government of India and the Government of Russian Federation.

 

The main features of MTA are: Maximum take-off weight 65 tonnes, Payload Capacity 15-20 tonnes, Cruise Speed 800 kmph, Range 2500-2700 km, Service ceiling 12 km. The Aircraft will have two engines, state of the art features such as fly-by-wire, full authority digital engine control, modern avionics and glass cockpit.

 

The total development cost is around US $ 600.70 million (approx Rs.2900 crores) to be equally shared by both the sides. It is planned to manufacture 205 aircraft with 50:50 work share between HAL and the Russian partners.

 

A Joint Venture Company (JVC) is being established with its headquarters at Bangalore, India for executing the MTA project in which HAL and Russian participants will have equal shareholding.

 

 

  Indian Air Force Su-30MKI ⓒ USAF

 

  Indian Air Force Su-30MKI ⓒ USAF